Academic libraries

Throughout its long history, the world has witnessed tremendous leaps and numerous transformations. Among the most significant of these are the global changes resulting from economic, cultural, and scientific integration¿a phenomenon known as globalization¿and its consequent regional, international, and local impacts. This has prompted many scholars worldwide to seek modern approaches and new strategies for addressing these changes and challenges within various institutions globally. The world's scholars are searching for modern approaches and new strategies to deal with these changes and challenges in various institutions worldwide. Academic institutions, such as universities and educational institutes, are inevitably affected by these changes and are simultaneously experiencing significant developments, both quantitative and qualitative. This is a natural consequence of the growing emphasis on "information" and "knowledge" across various institutions, as well as the interests of researchers from diverse scientific and literary backgrounds. Academic institutions play a multifaceted role in the generation, processing, and dissemination of knowledge, particularly at the academic level, which is a crucial step in scientific research. They prepare researchers and scientists, providing them with the latest scientific knowledge and information, rigorously researched and verified, which can be relied upon in scientific inquiry and analysis. In this way, they form an integral part of the mission to develop modern institutions and societies. Academic institutions are also subject to significant changes and are experiencing remarkable developments, both quantitative and qualitative. In light of these changes, performance development methods in institutions in general have changed significantly in recent times. Previously, the focus was on the organizational and material aspects of administrative processes, which often lacked a human element, leading to employee frustration and dissatisfaction among beneficiaries. Now, the emphasis is on methods that prioritize the human dimension of the administrative process, encompassing effective leadership, employee empowerment, and attention to intellectual capital. Although academic institutions should serve as the primary incubators of thought and scientific research, and as engines of development for human societies at all levels, many of these institutions suffer from a lack of intellectual capital in terms of its management, utilization, and development. This leads to a decline in scientific productivity in Arab academic institutions, as evidenced by the rankings of Arab universities in global university rankings.