Mathematical Problems in Meteorological Modelling

This book deals with mathematical problems arising in the context of meteorological modelling. It gathers and presents some of the most interesting and important issues from the interaction of mathematics and meteorology. It is unique in that it features contributions on topics like data assimilation, ensemble prediction, numerical methods, and transport modelling, from both mathematical and meteorological perspectives.

The derivation and solution of all kinds of numerical prediction models require the application of results from various mathematical fields. The present volume is divided into three parts, moving from mathematical and numerical problems through air quality modelling, to advanced applications in data assimilation and probabilistic forecasting.

The book arose from the workshop "Mathematical Problems in Meteorological Modelling" held in Budapest in May 2014 and organized by the ECMI Special Interest Group on Numerical Weather Prediction. Its main objective is to highlight the beauty of the development fields discussed, to demonstrate their mathematical complexity and, more importantly, to encourage mathematicians to contribute to the further success of such practical applications as weather forecasting and climate change projections. Written by leading experts in the field, the book provides an attractive and diverse introduction to areas in which mathematicians and modellers from the meteorological community can cooperate and help each other solve the problems that operational weather centres face, now and in the near future.

Readers engaged in meteorological research will become more familiar with the corresponding mathematical background, while mathematicians working in numerical analysis, partial differential equations, or stochastic analysis will be introduced to further application fields of their research area, and will find stimulation and motivation for their future research work.

Part I: Numerical Methods for Meteorological Problems: 1 On a Conservative Finite-Difference Method for 1D Shallow Water Flows Based on Regularized Equations: A. Zlotnik and V. Gavrilin.- 2 Discretization in Numerical Weather Prediction: A Modular Approach to Investigate Spectral and Local SISL Methods: S. Caluwaerts et al.- 3 Turbulence Modeling Using Fractional Derivatives: B. Szekeres.- 4 A Parallel Numerical Solution Approach for Nonlinear Parabolic Systems Arising in Air Pollution Transport Problems: J. Karátson and B. Kovács.-Part II: Air Quality Modelling:5 Eulerian and Largangian Approaches for Modelling of Air Quality: A. Havasi et al.- 6 Hydrodynamic Modeling of Industrial Pollutants Spreading in Atmosphere: V.A. Prusow and A.Y. Doroshenko.- 7 Coordinate Transformation Approach for Numerical Solution of Environmental Problems: I. Dimov et al.- 8 Impact of Climatic Changes on Pollution Levels: Z. Zlatev et al.- Part III: Meteorological Data Assimilation and Probabilistic Forecasting: 9 An Invitation to Meteorological Data Assimilation: A. Bodó and P. Csomós.- 10 Analysis of the Data Assimilation Methods from the Mathematical Point of View: T. Szentimrey.-11 Ensemble Methods in Meteorological Modelling by M. Szücs et al.- 12 Quantifying Sources of Uncertainty in Precipitation and Temperature Projections over Different Parts of Europe: P. Szabó and G. Szépszò.